Regulator system



Dec. 1 1931. P. PASCHEN REGULATOR SYSTEM Filed Nov. 12, 1950 INVENTOR- Paul fascken.

WITNESSES: @QQM AT TORNEY Patented Dec. 1, 1931' UNITED STA E PATENT.

OFFICE PAUL PASCHEN', or nvnrzmnnjneionnmm, Assreiron To WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC t & MANUFACTURING oomrm, A conrona'rron or "PENNSYLVANIA nonzero]; sYsrrEnr Application filed ntvemb r'ia iseo, Serial No. 495,102, and in Germany November 13, 1929.

My invention relates toqregulator systems and it has particular relation to systemsfor regulating electrical quantities,ysuch as voltages of an electric circuit v In certain applications, such, for example as where loadsconnected to a power circuit" are of such character that the current required may vary over a wide-range, the voltage may vary considerably'from the desired value, and such changes may exist for'var'ying periods of time. These variations in voltage'may be only temporary and, if'a regulator responds tooquickly to such va ia tions, a pumping action may cause the vari 5 ations in voltage-tobecome greater;-

It is desirable that regulating systems of the character noted above shall have such degree, of inertia that they will not be sensitive to very small temporary variations in the reg- 0 ulated quantity from the 'desire'dvalue,so that the regulator will not operate in response to each short-time voltage variation. f

One object of my inventionis to provide a regulator system for regulating an electrical quantity of a power circuit which shall not be immediately responsive to. variations in the regulated quantity from the desired value.

Another object of my; inventionis to provide a regulator system for regulating an electrical quantity'of a power circuit that will be responsive to variations in the quan tity to be regulateclin casesuch variations persist for a predetermined time but which will not be responsive to variationsof short duration. 7 v i 1 My invention will be better understood from the following description, when read in y conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which the single figure 1S2, diagrammatic 4 view of apparatus and circuits constituting a preferred embodiment of my invention, 7

Referring to the drawing, a regulating de-' vice 2, is-provided forregulating the volt age of an electricficircuit comprisingfcon- I ductors 3 and 4. The-regulatingdevice2 regulate its speed.

tors 3 and 4 and a movable contact arm 63 that-is actuated in the one direction by an electromagnet 11, a ratchet wheel 7, an armature lever 9 and a pawl 8, and in the other direction by an electromagnet 15, a ratchet wheel 12,v an armature 1ever14 and a pawl 13. Aspring 16 is provided to bias the armature levers 9 and14 toward their illustrated positions. 5 i l The operating winding of the electromagnet '11 is energized. from any convenient source, such as a battery 17, upon the closure ofla switchlS. The switch 18 is operatedto its circuit clo sing position-by an arm 19 that is "actuated,through a shaft 21, by a differential device or mechanism' 22 comprising three rotatable members 23, 24 and'25, the member 25 being differentiallyrelated to the members 23 and 24 and being connected to the shaft 21.

The member 23 of the differential device is driVen,- through a pinion 26, a shaft 27 and gear wheels '28, by means of a rotatingde: vice 29 that is energized from conductors 31 andi32 which are connected to the circuit conductors 3 and 4. The rotating device 29 may be of any well known type of rotating meter that is characterized by the fact that its speed is a fu'nction'of the quantity such as voltage, to be regulated. The rotating device29 is provided with a braking or damping magnet 33 that may be adjusted to The member 24 of the differential device is driven, through a pinion 34, a shaft 35 and gear wheels 36, any suitable constant-speed I rotating device 37 ,1which may also be ener gized from the conductors31 and 82. f

The energizing circuit for the rotating device 29s is completed through normally bridged contact members 3810f arelay 39, the

operatingwinding of whichis connected in series-circuit with the winding of the elecclosing position by an arm 47 that is actuated,

through a shaft 48 by a second differential device or mechanism 49. The differential device 49 comprises three rotatable members 51, 52 and 53, the member 53 being difierentially related to the members 51 and 52 and" being connected to the shafts 48.

The member 51 of the differential device 4-9 is driven, through a .pinion'54, a shaft 55 and gearwheels 56 by means of a constant-speed rotating-device 57 that is energized from the conductorsBl and 32.

The-member 52 of the differential device 49 is driven, through a pinion 58, a shaft 59 and gear wheels 60, by means of a rotating device 62. that is energized fromthe conductors-31 and 32, its speed being a function of thequantity to be-regulated. A braking or damping magnet 63 is provided for the =rotating device 62 and is-adjustable to permit the speed of: the rotating device 62 tobe easily regulated.

The energizing circuit for the constantspeed rotating device 57 is completed through normally bridged contact members 65. of: a relay. 66, the operating winding of which is connected in the operating circuitof the electromagnet 15 of the regulator 2. A dash-poti67 associated with the relay 66, to give it a time-delay characteristic.

, The energizing circuit for the rotating device 57 extends from the conductor 32,

' through conductor 71, the operating winding 7 1a'of1 the. device, conductor 72, the contact members 65 of the relay 66and the conductor 73, to=the conductor 31.

The operation of my system is as follows When the voltage across the conductors 3 and 4 is at the desired value, all the rotating devices are operating at the same speed. The member 25 of the differential device 22 is stationary, and the arm 19 is pressed against a stop 75 with a certain pressure, depending uponthe sensitivity of the rotating device 37. The member 53of'the differential device 49 is also stationary, and the arm 47 is held against a stop 76 witha certain pressure, depending upon the sensitivity'of the rotating device 62. Inca se the voltage of the circuit'conductors 3 and 4 increases above a predetermined value, the speed of the rotating device 29 will be greaterthan that of the rotating device37, thereby effecting movement-of the member 25 of the differential device 22 to actuate the arm 19 in a direction to close the switch 18. The closure of the switch 18 completes the operating circuit for the electromagnet 11, thereby actuating the ratchet wheel 7 to increase the resistance in circuit with the conductors 3 and 4 and to reduce the voltage thereof.

The operating circuit for the electromagnet 11 extends from one side of the battery 17, through conductor 78, conductor 79, the switch 18,.conductor 80, the operating wind ing. of the relay 39, conductor 81, the operating winding of the electromagnet 11, conductor 82 and'conductor 83, to the other side of the-battery.

The. energization of the operating winding ofthe relay 39, simultaneously with the energization ofthe. electromagnet 11, effects the operation of the relay 39 and, after a certain time delay, depending upon the adjustment of the dash-pot- 41,.the above traced circuit forthe rotating device 29 is interrupted, causing the rotating device to slow down and stop. As the greater torque is exerted by therotating device 37, the arm 19 moves out of engagement withthe switch 18, thereby allowing the relay 39 to close to complete the circuit for operating the rotating dev-ice29.

If the single step of the regulator is not sufiicient to effect, the required correction, the electromagnet 11 will be again energized, and the-arm6 willbe moved another step, as hereinbefore described, and step-by-step corrections will be continued until the required correction is effected.

In case the voltage of the circuit conductors 3: and 4 decreases below the predetermined value, the speed of the rotating device 62 is reduced, thus effecting movement of the member 53of the differential device 49 to actuate the ann47 inadirection toclose the switch46. Upon the closure of the switch 46, a circuit is completedfor energizing the operatingwinding of the electromagnet 15, thereby actuating the ratchet wheel 12 and the arm 6 in a. direction opposite to that described upon the energization of the electromagnet 11. The operation of. the arm 6 decreases the resistance of the circuits 3 a-nd4 and increases the voltage thereof- The operating circuit for the electrom a gnet 15, may be traced from the one side of the battery 17, through conductor 78, conductor 85, the switch46, conductor 86, .the operating winding of relay 66, conductor 87, the operating winding of the electromagnet 15, conductor 88 and conductor 83, to the other side of the battery. The energization of the operatingwinding of the relay 66 actuates the relay and, after a certain time delay, depend ing upon the adjustment of the dash-pot 67, interrupts the above traced operating circuit for the rotating device 57. The rotating device 62, operating alone, effects movement of the member 53, of the differential device 49 in such direction as to move the arm47 out of engagement Withthe switch 46.

If the operation of the regulator 21s not sufficient to increase the voltage of" the circuit conductors 3 and 4 to the predetermined value, the arm 47 is again moved in a direction to effect .the closureof' the switch 46, and the above described operation is repeated.

The movement of the arms l9'and 47 from the circuit-closing to the circuit openingpositions is effected by the momentary deenergization of the rotating devices 29 and 57, respectively, as hereinbefore described. It

obvious that several other Ways of accomplishing this resultmay be employed, such as disconnecting the shafts 21and 48 from their associated differential devices, and effecting a return movement of the'arms by any Well known method. I

The quickness of response of the regulating systems to a variation in the voltage of to be limited otherwise than by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a regulator system, in combination,

an electric circuit, regulator means connected to said circuit for varying an electrical quantity thereof, electro-responsive means for operating the regulator means in the one direction and a second electro-responsive means for operating the regulator means in the other direction, contact-making means for controlling the energization of each 9f said electro-responsive means, a differential mechanism for actuating each contact-making means in accordance with an electrical quantity of said circuit.

2. In a regulator system, in combination, an electric circuit, regulator means connected to said circuit for varying an electrical quanity I thereof, electro-responsive. means for operating the regulator means in the one directlon and a second electro-responsive means for operating the regulator meansin the other direction, contact-making means for controlling the energization of each of said electro-responsive means, a differential mechanism for actuating each contact making means, one portion of each differential mechanism being rotated at a constant speed and the other portion being rotated in accordance with the quantity to be regulated.

- thereof, electro-responsive means "111g the regulating means in the one direction and a second electro-responsive means for 3. In a. regulator vsystem, in. combination, an electric-circuit, regulator means connected to said circuit for varying an electrical quantity thereof, electro-responsive means foropcrating the regulator means in the one direction' and a second electro-responsivemeans for w operating the regulator means in the other direction, contact-making means for controllingthe energization of eachqof said electro-responsive means, a differential mech an1sm for actuatmg each contact-snakingmeans, one-portion of each differential mechanism-being actuated by a rotating devic'e operating at constant speed and the other portion being actuated by a rotating device. i the speed of which is a function of an electrical quantity of said circuit.

4. In a regulator system, in combination, an electric circuit, regulator means connected to said circuit for varying anelectrical quantity thereof, electro-responsive means for operating the regulator means in the one direction and a second electro-responr s1ve means for operating the regulator in the I other direction, contact-making means for controlling theenergization of each of said electro-responsive means, a differential mechanism for actuating each contact-making means, one portion of each differential mechanism being actuated bya rotating device operating at constant speed and the other portion being actuatedby a rotating device the speed of which is a function of an electrical quantity of'said circuit, and means for interrupting the circuit of the rotating device, when operating at the higher speed, upon the operation of the regulator in one direction to effect the return of the actuated differential mechanism to a neutral position.

5, In a regulator system, in combination,

an electric circuit, regulator means connected thereto for regulating an electrical quantity for operatoperating the regulating means in the other direction, contact-makir sponsive means, a contact arm for actuating each contact-making means, a differential de-' vice for actuating each contact arm, said differential dev ces being responsive to, the difference in speeds of a constant-speed device means for con-' trolling the energization of each electro-Ie' and a device the speed of which is a function of the quantity to be regulated.

6. In a regulator system, in combination, an electric circuit, regulator means connected thereto for regulating an electrical quantitythereof, electro-responsive means for operate mg the regulating means 1n the one direction and a second electrc-responsive means for operating the regula ing means in the other direction, contactmaking means for controlling theenergization of each electro-r'e sponsive means, a contact arm for actuating each contact making means, a difi'erentiaidevice foractuating'each contact arm that is responsive to the difierence in speeds of a constant speed rotating device, and a rotating device-the speed of which varies in accordance with an electrical quantity of the circuit, and means for momentarily deenergizing the rotating. device, When operating at the higher speed, upon actuation of: the contact-making means to effect. the return of'the contact arm to a neutral position.

Intestimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 24th day of October,

PAUL PASCHEN. 

